设备管理及安全生产培训教材 17页

设备管理及安全生产培训教材（共2课时）第一节设备管理：设备是药品生产企业按照质量管理规范组织生产药品的三大要素之一。因此，对设备的管理显得尤为重要。首先建立设备各项管理规程。设备各项管理规程由管理部门责成有资格的人员制订各项相应的管理标准和操作标准，经管理部门审核后，经主管经理批准，下发实施。各项管理规程一经生效，即为本企业设备管理的法制性文件，任何人必须严格执行，不得擅自修改。1、制定设备管理规程的目的：建立设备管理工作标准，使设备全过程规范化管理，从而达到设备寿命周期费用最经济，设备综合效能最高的目的。2、企业设备管理体制：主管经理→设备科长→车间主任→设备管理员→机修工↓操作工3、设备的使用与维修管理规程。目的：正确使用设备，预防性维修设备，防止事故的发生，保证设备的正常运用。3.1设备的使用3.1.1HGJ222-92technicalspecificationforweldingofaluminiumanditsalloys5lowtemperaturesteelweldingprocedure6SH3525-2004petrochemicalJB/T4708-2000ofweldingprocedurequalificationforsteelpressurevessels7JB/4709-20008JB4730-2005pressurevesselweldingproceduresofsteelpressurevesselNDT9JB/T4744-2000steelpressurevesselproductsmechanicalpropertiestestofweldedplateII,mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineering1GB150-982GB50128-2005verticalcylindricalsteelpressurevesselsteelweldedtankcodeforconstructionandacceptanceof3JB/T4735-1997steelweldedatmosphericpressurevessel4GB50231-2009mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationfor5GB50275-98compressor,fanandpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred, 实行定人定机制度，严格执行岗位责任制，单人使用的设备由操作人员负责；多人操作的设备由班长负责。3.1.2制定设备标准操作规程，检修保养规程。3.1.3上机前要进行设备的结构、性能、技术规范、维修知识和安全操作规程的理论教育，实际技能的培训，做到三懂(懂结构、懂原理、懂性能)、四会(会使用、会维护、会检查、会排除故障)，并经设备主管部门考试合格后方可上岗。3.1.4主要生产设备要填写设备运行记录。3.1.5严禁设备超负荷运转。3.2设备的维修保养：设备的维修保养贯彻预防性维修为主的方针，在设备故障发生前，按照检修计划或相应的技术规定进行维修保养，防患于未然，并以三级保养加计划检修的制度予以落实。3.2.1日常保养：设备的日常保养是设备维护的基础，是预防事故发生的积极措施，通常在上班后，下班前10---15分钟由操作人员对设备检查、清扫、擦拭使设备处于完好清洁、安全、润滑良好的状态。保养的内容：对传动部位、油孔进行润滑加油；严格按操作规程使用设备，经常巡回检查，通过听、看、闻等方法观察设备的运转情况，发现问题及时处理。操作岗位要做到“一平”、“二净”、“三见”、“四无”。一平：即厂房周围平净；二净：即玻璃门窗、地面通道净；三见：即轴见光、沟见底、设备见本色；四无：即无油垢、无积水、无垃圾、无杂物。HGJ222-92technicalspecificationforweldingofaluminiumanditsalloys5lowtemperaturesteelweldingprocedure6SH3525-2004petrochemicalJB/T4708-2000ofweldingprocedurequalificationforsteelpressurevessels7JB/4709-20008JB4730-2005pressurevesselweldingproceduresofsteelpressurevesselNDT9JB/T4744-2000steelpressurevesselproductsmechanicalpropertiestestofweldedplateII,mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineering1GB150-982GB50128-2005verticalcylindricalsteelpressurevesselsteelweldedtankcodeforconstructionandacceptanceof3JB/T4735-1997steelweldedatmosphericpressurevessel4GB50231-2009mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationfor5GB50275-98compressor,fanandpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred, 3.2.2一级保养：设备的一极保养定为三个月进行一次。保养内容：彻底清洗擦拭设备内外表面和死角部位，做到漆见本色，铁见光，无药垢，无油污；调整各运行部件的间隙，更换易损件；清洗油杯。保养后达到：外观清洁润滑良好，设备磨损减少，操作灵活，运转正常。3.2.3二级保养：视不同设备情况：一般一年进行一次，由维修人员、操作人员共同进行。保养内容：检查传动系统，修复更换磨损件；清洗变速箱，更换新油；对设备进行分解体检查，调整修复和更换必要的零部件。3.2.4设备检修保养记录要认真填写，交设备科归档；设备的清洗与消毒，执行设备清洁规程。4、设备的润滑管理规程目的：正确、合理、及时润滑设备，减少设备磨损和事故的发生，减轻维修工作量，保证设备的正常运转，延长设备使用寿命，降低消耗。4.1设备润滑管理实行“五定”“三过虑”4.1.1定人：对每台设备都明确操作人员，维修人员和各自负责加换油的部位；定点：每台设备都要有确定的润滑部位和润滑点；定质：按使用说明书规定的油脂排号用油；定量：在保证润滑良好的基础上实行定量消耗；定时：明确设备各润滑部位、加油间隔时间，按时间要求加油和清洗换油，保证正常润滑。HGJ222-92technicalspecificationforweldingofaluminiumanditsalloys5lowtemperaturesteelweldingprocedure6SH3525-2004petrochemicalJB/T4708-2000ofweldingprocedurequalificationforsteelpressurevessels7JB/4709-20008JB4730-2005pressurevesselweldingproceduresofsteelpressurevesselNDT9JB/T4744-2000steelpressurevesselproductsmechanicalpropertiestestofweldedplateII,mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineering1GB150-982GB50128-2005verticalcylindricalsteelpressurevesselsteelweldedtankcodeforconstructionandacceptanceof3JB/T4735-1997steelweldedatmosphericpressurevessel4GB50231-2009mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationfor5GB50275-98compressor,fanandpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred, 4.1.2三过虑：即对油桶、油壶、加油点的三极过虑。4.2主要设备建立润滑卡片。内容包括：润滑点、油质、五定等项。4.3制订设备用油消耗定额，落实到车间、班组、机台，并按期统计实际消耗数量，做到计划用油、合理用油、节约用油。5、设备现场管理5.1固定管道应按《医药工业设备及管路涂色的规定》喷涂不同的颜色，应标有与管道颜色不同的流向指示：物料管道：黄色蒸汽管道：红色常水管道：绿色真空管道：白色压缩空气管道：蓝色三废排气管道：黑色液化气管道：灰色氧气管道：天蓝色5.2设备状态：运行中、停用、备用、已清洁、待清洁、检修中、完好证。5.3设备维护的四项要求：整齐、清洁、润滑、安全。5.4设备操作的五项纪律是：1.凭操作证使用设备，遵守安全操作规程；2.经常保持设备清洁，并按规定加油；3.遵守交接班制度；4.管好工具、附件；5.发现异常立即停机，自己不能处理的应及时通知检查。5.5HGJ222-92technicalspecificationforweldingofaluminiumanditsalloys5lowtemperaturesteelweldingprocedure6SH3525-2004petrochemicalJB/T4708-2000ofweldingprocedurequalificationforsteelpressurevessels7JB/4709-20008JB4730-2005pressurevesselweldingproceduresofsteelpressurevesselNDT9JB/T4744-2000steelpressurevesselproductsmechanicalpropertiestestofweldedplateII,mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineering1GB150-982GB50128-2005verticalcylindricalsteelpressurevesselsteelweldedtankcodeforconstructionandacceptanceof3JB/T4735-1997steelweldedatmosphericpressurevessel4GB50231-2009mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationfor5GB50275-98compressor,fanandpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred, 疏水阀的作用是什么？安装疏水阀为什么要装旁通阀？什么时候用它：疏水阀的作用是阻汽排水。安装旁通阀是因为对那些间歇加热设备，为了提高其效率，开始使用时应快速排出系统内积存的凝结水和不凝性汽体，以提高用热设备的热效率。只有当设备开始时开启，当观察有稳定蒸汽排出后，即关闭旁通阀，疏水阀自动投入工作。5.6影响企业的能源利用率的因素有哪些：主要有①设备的性能及其工作效率的高低②设备能源转换效率的高低③管理因素，是否存在跑冒、滴、漏现象。5.7制药用设备应符合什么要求：制药用设备与药品直接接触的表面应光洁、平整、易清洗或消毒，耐腐蚀、不与药品发生化学变化或吸附药品，设备所用的润滑剂、冷却剂等不得对药品或容器造成污染。5.8洁净室内设备保温层表面应平整、光洁、不得有颗粒性等物质脱落。5.9与设备连接的主要固定管道应表明管内物料名称、流向。5.10用于生产和检验的仪器、仪表、量具、衡器等其适用范围和精密度应符合生产检验要求，应有明显的合格标志，应定期校验。5.11生产、检验设备应有使用、维修、保养记录，并由专人管理。5.12生产设备应定期维修、保养、生产设备应有明显的状态标志。6计量管理HGJ222-92technicalspecificationforweldingofaluminiumanditsalloys5lowtemperaturesteelweldingprocedure6SH3525-2004petrochemicalJB/T4708-2000ofweldingprocedurequalificationforsteelpressurevessels7JB/4709-20008JB4730-2005pressurevesselweldingproceduresofsteelpressurevesselNDT9JB/T4744-2000steelpressurevesselproductsmechanicalpropertiestestofweldedplateII,mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineering1GB150-982GB50128-2005verticalcylindricalsteelpressurevesselsteelweldedtankcodeforconstructionandacceptanceof3JB/T4735-1997steelweldedatmosphericpressurevessel4GB50231-2009mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationfor5GB50275-98compressor,fanandpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred, 计量工作在企业的重要性：因为它涉及企业经营管理，工艺控制、检测、安全防护、环境检测、贸易结算等环节，没有准确的计量，就没有可靠的数据，企业的决策工作就没有依据，因此说计量工作不光对企业的质量体系的建立与运行，甚至对企业的全部工作都起重要的支持和保证作用。按GMP要求所有的计量设备（衡器、天平、压力表、温度表、流量表）均需由技术监督局进行校验，并在设备上加贴合格证，才能投入使用。而精密仪器（薄层扫描仪、高效液相扫描仪……等）需经省技术监督局校验合格才能使用。制订计量管理规程的目的：保证用于生产和检验的仪器、仪表、衡器符合计量法要求，保证量值传递准确、可靠。6.1计量器具周期检定制度。6.2计量器具和计量检测设备的使用，维护、保养制度。6.3计量器具和计量检测的封印与彩色标示管理制度。（详细内容依照计量管理规程和计量管理制度执行）HGJ222-92technicalspecificationforweldingofaluminiumanditsalloys5lowtemperaturesteelweldingprocedure6SH3525-2004petrochemicalJB/T4708-2000ofweldingprocedurequalificationforsteelpressurevessels7JB/4709-20008JB4730-2005pressurevesselweldingproceduresofsteelpressurevesselNDT9JB/T4744-2000steelpressurevesselproductsmechanicalpropertiestestofweldedplateII,mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineering1GB150-982GB50128-2005verticalcylindricalsteelpressurevesselsteelweldedtankcodeforconstructionandacceptanceof3JB/T4735-1997steelweldedatmosphericpressurevessel4GB50231-2009mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationfor5GB50275-98compressor,fanandpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred, 第二节安全生产安全是全社会的基本需要，是企业健康发展的前题和保障，安全生产工作的根本目的是：维护劳动者在生产过程中的安全与健康维护企业的生产和发展。1、安全生产的定义：生产劳动是人类社会赖以生存和发展的基础，也是人们最基本的需要之一。安全生产是指生产经营活动中的人身安全和财产安全。2、安全生产的方针和任务：安全生产方针是安全第一，预防为主；任务是发现、分析和消除生产过程中的各种危险，防止发生事故和职业病，避免各种损失，保障职工的安全健康，从而推动企业的顺利发展，为提高企业的经济效益和社会效益服务。3、安全生产教育的内容3.1安全生产法制观念教育：a、思想路线的方针政策的教育。从思想上、理论上认识搞好安全生产的重要意义，以增强关心人、保护人的责任感、树立牢固的群众观点；通过安全生产方针，政策教育，使大家正确全面的理解党和国家的安全生方针政策，严肃认真的执行安全生产方针政策和法规。b、劳动记律教育：主要是广大职工懂得严格执行劳动纪律对实现安全生产的重要性，严格执行安全操作规程，减少伤亡事故，保障安全生产。cHGJ222-92technicalspecificationforweldingofaluminiumanditsalloys5lowtemperaturesteelweldingprocedure6SH3525-2004petrochemicalJB/T4708-2000ofweldingprocedurequalificationforsteelpressurevessels7JB/4709-20008JB4730-2005pressurevesselweldingproceduresofsteelpressurevesselNDT9JB/T4744-2000steelpressurevesselproductsmechanicalpropertiestestofweldedplateII,mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineering1GB150-982GB50128-2005verticalcylindricalsteelpressurevesselsteelweldedtankcodeforconstructionandacceptanceof3JB/T4735-1997steelweldedatmosphericpressurevessel4GB50231-2009mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationfor5GB50275-98compressor,fanandpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred, 、法制教育：通过定期和不定期对全体职工进行遵守法纪教育，使职工懂得法规具有强制性由于违章违法而造成严重事故，触犯刑律的人都要受到法律的制裁。只有把党的安全生方针、政策、法规、条例转变成广大职的安全自觉行动，才能减少和消除伤亡事故的发生。3.2安全科学技术知识教育：a、安全技术知识教育，所有职工必须具备安全基本知识，通过安全技术知识教育使职工了解在生产过程中潜在的危险因素及防范措施等。b、安全技能教育：就是结合本工种或专业的特点，实现安全操作，安全防护所必须具备的基本知识。特种作业人员必须进行专门的安全技术知识培训外，还必须进行实际操作考试，考试合格后方可独立上岗。3.3安全态度教育：是安全生产教育中很重要的一个方面，在实际生产操作过程中是否按照操作规程要求实行安全操作则完全由个人思想所支配。安全态度教育的目的：就是使操作者尽可能自觉的规范操作搞好安全生产。4、企业安全生产三级教育4.1厂级教育：对新入厂职工，进行安全生产、法规法律和各项规定教育。4.2车间教育：进行车间生产概况、安全生产情况、劳动纪律和生产规则、安全注意事项、危险部位、尘毒作业情况，以及必需遵守的安全生产规程，紧急情况下安全处置及安全疏散等。4.3班组HGJ222-92technicalspecificationforweldingofaluminiumanditsalloys5lowtemperaturesteelweldingprocedure6SH3525-2004petrochemicalJB/T4708-2000ofweldingprocedurequalificationforsteelpressurevessels7JB/4709-20008JB4730-2005pressurevesselweldingproceduresofsteelpressurevesselNDT9JB/T4744-2000steelpressurevesselproductsmechanicalpropertiestestofweldedplateII,mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineering1GB150-982GB50128-2005verticalcylindricalsteelpressurevesselsteelweldedtankcodeforconstructionandacceptanceof3JB/T4735-1997steelweldedatmosphericpressurevessel4GB50231-2009mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationfor5GB50275-98compressor,fanandpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred, 教育：岗位、班组安全生产概况，工作性质和职责范围，应知应会，机具设备的安全操作方法，各种安全防护设施的性能和作用，工作地点环境卫生及尘源、危险机件、危险物的控制方法、个人防护用具的使用方法，以及发生事故时的紧急救护措施和安全撤离线路。5、国家安全生产管理体制：企业负责、行业管理、国家监察、群众监督、劳动者遵守6、企业安全生产管理体制：总经理负责制→安全生产副总→设备安全科→车间→班组→职工7、职工的安全职责7.1严格遵守各项安全生产规章制度，不违章作业，并制止他人违章作业；严格按生产工艺规程和设备操作规程操作；按时巡回检查，发现异常及时处理并及时向有关领导报告；加强设备维护保管，经常保持作业场所卫生清洁、搞好安全文明生产；正确使用妥善保养各种防护用品和器具；有权拒绝违章指挥。7.2机械伤害的原因：⑴违章操作（2）操作规程不健全缺乏基本训练（3）没穿戴或不正确佩带防护用品（4）设备在非状态下运转（5）工作场地环境不好（布局不合理、照明不良）8、安全法律法规8.1安全生产法的定义：安全生产法是由国家制订和认可并保证执行的关于在生产过程中保障人民群众生命、财产安全的法律法规。8.2HGJ222-92technicalspecificationforweldingofaluminiumanditsalloys5lowtemperaturesteelweldingprocedure6SH3525-2004petrochemicalJB/T4708-2000ofweldingprocedurequalificationforsteelpressurevessels7JB/4709-20008JB4730-2005pressurevesselweldingproceduresofsteelpressurevesselNDT9JB/T4744-2000steelpressurevesselproductsmechanicalpropertiestestofweldedplateII,mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineering1GB150-982GB50128-2005verticalcylindricalsteelpressurevesselsteelweldedtankcodeforconstructionandacceptanceof3JB/T4735-1997steelweldedatmosphericpressurevessel4GB50231-2009mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationfor5GB50275-98compressor,fanandpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred, 制定安全生产法的目的：为了加强安全生产监督管理，防止和减少生产安全事故，保障人民群众生命和财产安全，促进经济发展。8.3安全生产法从2002年12月1日起施行。8.4安全标志分为：禁止、警告、命令、提示8.5下列用语的含义危险物品：指易燃易爆物品，危险化学品，放射性物品等能够危及人身安全和财产安全的物品。重大危险源：指长期地或者临时地生产、搬运、使用或者储存危险物品且危险物品数量等于或者超过临界量的单元。特种作业：指在劳动过程中容易发生伤亡事故，对操作者本人、他人和周围设施的安全有重大危害的作业。劳动防护用品：指劳动者在劳动过程中为免遭或减轻事故伤害或职业危害所配备的防护装备。8.6劳动防护用品的分类按保护的部位分8类（1）头护具类：安全帽等。（2）防坠落护具类：安全网、安全带等。（3）眼、面护具类：面罩、防护眼镜等。（4）呼吸器官类：口罩、防毒面具等。（5）听觉器官类：耳塞、耳罩等。（6）躯干护具类：防护服、防酸工作服、防静电工作服等。（7）手护具类：帆布手套、焊工手套等。（8）足护具类：防护皮鞋、防静电鞋等。HGJ222-92technicalspecificationforweldingofaluminiumanditsalloys5lowtemperaturesteelweldingprocedure6SH3525-2004petrochemicalJB/T4708-2000ofweldingprocedurequalificationforsteelpressurevessels7JB/4709-20008JB4730-2005pressurevesselweldingproceduresofsteelpressurevesselNDT9JB/T4744-2000steelpressurevesselproductsmechanicalpropertiestestofweldedplateII,mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineering1GB150-982GB50128-2005verticalcylindricalsteelpressurevesselsteelweldedtankcodeforconstructionandacceptanceof3JB/T4735-1997steelweldedatmosphericpressurevessel4GB50231-2009mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationfor5GB50275-98compressor,fanandpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred, 8.7安全生产许可证条例从2004年1月13日起施行。安全生产许可证有效期为3年。8.8制订消防法的目的：为了预防火灾和减少火灾的危害，保护公民人身、公共财产、和公民财产的安全，维护公共安全，保障社会主义现代化建设的顺利进行。8.9消防工作的方针：贯彻预防为主，防消结合的方针，坚持专门机关与群众相结合的原则。8.10消防法从1998年9月1日起施行。8.11灭火的常用方法：冷却、隔离、窒息、抑制8.12报告火警的内容：拨打“119”；说明发生火灾的详细地址；起火物；火势情况；报警人姓名及电话号码。8.13一般常用干粉灭火剂分为：普通型(BC类)碳酸氢钠、氮气；多用型(ABC类)磷酸铵盐、氮气。8.14手提贮压式干粉灭火器使用方法：首先检查灭火器压力表指针应在绿线区，然后将其上下颠倒几次，拔下保险销，距离火源2—3米，一只手握住喷嘴对准水焰根部，另一只手用力压下压把，干粉即从喷嘴喷射出来进行灭火。8.15（1）燃烧：是可燃物质与氧或其它氧化剂进行的氧化还原反应由于其氧化及应的速度不同，当反应剧烈时，放热、发光和发烟称为燃烧。（2）燃烧的条件：可燃物、氧化剂、温度（引火源）。HGJ222-92technicalspecificationforweldingofaluminiumanditsalloys5lowtemperaturesteelweldingprocedure6SH3525-2004petrochemicalJB/T4708-2000ofweldingprocedurequalificationforsteelpressurevessels7JB/4709-20008JB4730-2005pressurevesselweldingproceduresofsteelpressurevesselNDT9JB/T4744-2000steelpressurevesselproductsmechanicalpropertiestestofweldedplateII,mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineering1GB150-982GB50128-2005verticalcylindricalsteelpressurevesselsteelweldedtankcodeforconstructionandacceptanceof3JB/T4735-1997steelweldedatmosphericpressurevessel4GB50231-2009mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationfor5GB50275-98compressor,fanandpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred, （3）火灾：在时间和空间上失去控制的燃烧所造成的灾害。（4）火灾的分类：国标GB4968—85将火灾分为A、B、C、D、四类。A类：指固体物质火灾，如：木材、棉、纸张等。B类：指液体火灾和可熔化的固体物质火灾，如：汽油、乙醇、甲醇、沥青、石蜡等。C类：指气体火灾，如：煤气、天然气、甲烷、氢等引起的火灾。D类：指金属火灾，如钾、钠、铝镁、铁等。（5）基本灭火措施：对于A类火灾，一般采用水冷却法，但对于忌水的物质，应尽量减少水渍造成的经济损失，对珍贵的图书、档案应使用二氧化碳，卤代烷，干粉等灭火剂来灭火。对于B类火灾，首先应切断可燃液体的来源；同时将燃烧区域容器内的可燃物排至安全地区，并用水冷却燃烧区可燃液体的容器壁、减慢蒸发速度；及时使用大剂量泡沫灭火剂将液体扑灭。对于C类火灾，首先应控制可燃气体阀们，防止可燃气体发生爆炸。对于D类火灾，应采用原位膨胀石墨灭火剂。（6）燃烧与火灾传播的规率：a.热传导b.热对流c.热辅射（7）火灾烟气的危害性，主要有毒害性、减光性、恐惧性。HGJ222-92technicalspecificationforweldingofaluminiumanditsalloys5lowtemperaturesteelweldingprocedure6SH3525-2004petrochemicalJB/T4708-2000ofweldingprocedurequalificationforsteelpressurevessels7JB/4709-20008JB4730-2005pressurevesselweldingproceduresofsteelpressurevesselNDT9JB/T4744-2000steelpressurevesselproductsmechanicalpropertiestestofweldedplateII,mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineering1GB150-982GB50128-2005verticalcylindricalsteelpressurevesselsteelweldedtankcodeforconstructionandacceptanceof3JB/T4735-1997steelweldedatmosphericpressurevessel4GB50231-2009mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationfor5GB50275-98compressor,fanandpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred, ①毒害性：空气中的含氧量大约21%，当空气中含氧量降低到15%时，人的肌肉活动能力下降，降到10—14%，四肢无力，智力混乱辨不清方向，降到6—10%时，人就会晕到。其次烟气中含有CO、CO2、SO2等有毒气体，CO是火灾中致死的主要燃烧产物之一，其对血红蛋白的亲和力比氧气高出250倍，因此它能够阻碍人体血液中氧气的输送，引起头痛，神智不清等。第三烟气中的悬浮微粒也是有害的，第四火灾烟雾气具有较高的温度。②减光性：当烟气迷蔓时可见光因受到烟粒子的遮蔽而大大减弱，能见度大大降低，使人们不能迅速逃离火场。③恐怖性：发生火灾时，人们产生恐怖感，造成局面混乱，惊慌失措。（8）烟气扩散线路：在火灾初期为0.1—0.3m/s,火灾中期为0.5—0.8m/s，垂直方向的扩散流动为1—5m/s，楼梯间由于烟囱效应流速可达6—8m/s。(9)可燃液体的分类：甲、乙、丙、三类甲类：闪点＜28℃，如汽油、苯、甲醇、乙醚、乙醇乙类：闪点大于等于28℃—60℃，如煤油、丁醚丙类：闪点大于60℃，如柴油、润滑油、机油、菜籽油，纸张（30—23℃）。(10)形成火灾的原因：a.生产生活用火不慎b.违犯操作规程和安全管理制度;c.电器设备安装不当;d.自然火灾；e.人为纵火;f.建筑布局不合理。HGJ222-92technicalspecificationforweldingofaluminiumanditsalloys5lowtemperaturesteelweldingprocedure6SH3525-2004petrochemicalJB/T4708-2000ofweldingprocedurequalificationforsteelpressurevessels7JB/4709-20008JB4730-2005pressurevesselweldingproceduresofsteelpressurevesselNDT9JB/T4744-2000steelpressurevesselproductsmechanicalpropertiestestofweldedplateII,mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineering1GB150-982GB50128-2005verticalcylindricalsteelpressurevesselsteelweldedtankcodeforconstructionandacceptanceof3JB/T4735-1997steelweldedatmosphericpressurevessel4GB50231-2009mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationfor5GB50275-98compressor,fanandpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred, (11)火灾发生过程分三个阶段：（1）初起阶段（5—7分钟）燃烧猛烈阶段（8—15分钟）衰减熄灭阶段（15—25分钟）(12)火灾逃生的方法：①利用救生绳自救。②用干、湿毛巾或其它织物叠八层，捂住口鼻，用水浇湿被褥披在身上，或将身上衣服打湿,呈卧姿或爬行，扶墙边找到门。③跳楼自救。④用湿床单、毛巾、布条塞紧门缝，同时不停向房间门浇水冷却。⑤利用手电，向外仍东西，呼喊方法向外界求救。(13)单位、个人的基本消防义务：维护消防安全，保护消防设施，预防火灾，报告火警。(14)火灾逃生七十二口诀（1）熟悉环境出口易找（熟悉环境法）（2）发现火情报警要早（3）保持镇定有序出逃（4）简易防护匍匐弯腰（5）莫入电梯改走楼梯（楼道逃生法）（6）缓降逃生不等不靠（缓降逃生法）（7）被困室内固守为妙（等待救援法）（8）速离险地不贪不闹HGJ222-92technicalspecificationforweldingofaluminiumanditsalloys5lowtemperaturesteelweldingprocedure6SH3525-2004petrochemicalJB/T4708-2000ofweldingprocedurequalificationforsteelpressurevessels7JB/4709-20008JB4730-2005pressurevesselweldingproceduresofsteelpressurevesselNDT9JB/T4744-2000steelpressurevesselproductsmechanicalpropertiestestofweldedplateII,mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineering1GB150-982GB50128-2005verticalcylindricalsteelpressurevesselsteelweldedtankcodeforconstructionandacceptanceof3JB/T4735-1997steelweldedatmosphericpressurevessel4GB50231-2009mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationfor5GB50275-98compressor,fanandpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred, (15)职工应做到一明确、四懂、四会一明确：明确自己的防火责任区。四懂：懂岗位有什么火灾危险性；懂预防措施；懂灭火方法；懂逃生方法。四会：会报警、会使用灭火器材、会处理事故苗头、会组织疏散逃生。8.16“三违作业”：违章操作、违章指挥、违犯劳动纪律。8.17电热设备火灾原因火灾原因：（1）加热温度过高或时间过长。（2）导线过热。（3）使用或操作不当。a.在易燃、易爆场所使用开启式电热器具。b.在电炉周围堆放可燃物。c.电烘箱内杂物、废料没及时清除。d.违章使用小电炉，随意接到宿舍等处的照明电路中，造成照明电路过载。e.电热器具的电源线没有插头，将电源线直接插入插座，易引起短路或接触不良而造成火灾。8.18触电急救现场急救对抢救触电者是非常重要的，触电后1分钟开始救治者90%有良好的效果，触电后6分钟救治者10%有良好效果，触电后12分钟开始救治者，救治的可能性就很小。①HGJ222-92technicalspecificationforweldingofaluminiumanditsalloys5lowtemperaturesteelweldingprocedure6SH3525-2004petrochemicalJB/T4708-2000ofweldingprocedurequalificationforsteelpressurevessels7JB/4709-20008JB4730-2005pressurevesselweldingproceduresofsteelpressurevesselNDT9JB/T4744-2000steelpressurevesselproductsmechanicalpropertiestestofweldedplateII,mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineering1GB150-982GB50128-2005verticalcylindricalsteelpressurevesselsteelweldedtankcodeforconstructionandacceptanceof3JB/T4735-1997steelweldedatmosphericpressurevessel4GB50231-2009mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationfor5GB50275-98compressor,fanandpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred, 解脱电源：发现有人触电时应尽快使触电人脱离电源，如果电源的开关就在附近应迅速拉开开关，如果开关离触电地点较远，则应迅速用绝缘较好的电工钳或有干燥的木把利器把电线砍断或用干燥的木棒将电线拨离触电者，若现场无任何可利用的绝缘物可利用，而触电人的衣服又是干的，则救护人员可用包有干燥毛巾或衣服的一只手去拉触电的衣服，使其脱离电源，若救护人员未穿鞋或穿湿鞋则不易采用这样的办法抢救。②对症救治：当触电人脱离了电源以后，应根据具体情况对症救治，同时拨打“120”。如果触电人的伤害不严重，神态还清醒，只是心慌，四肢发麻，浑身无力，使之就地休息1-2小时，不要走动，并仔细观察，如果较严重，无知觉、无呼吸，但心脏有跳动应采用口对口人工呼吸抢救。如果呼吸但心脏已停止跳动，则应采用人工胸处挤压法，如果心跳和呼吸都已停止，则需同时进行口对口人工呼吸和人工胸处心脏挤压。8.19压力容器是指盛装气体或者液体承载一定压力的密闭设备，其范围规定为最高工作压力大于或者等于0.1mpa，且压力与容积的乘积大于或者等于2.5mpa.L的气体液、液化气体和最高工作温度高于或者等于标准沸点的液体的固定式容器和移动式容器，盛装公称工作压力大于或者等于0.2mpa且压力与容积的乘积大于或者等于1.0mpa.L的气体、液化气体和标准沸点等于或者低于60℃液体的气瓶。压力容器的主要安全附件：安全阀、爆破片、压力表、液位计、温度计、紧急切断装置和快开门式压力容器的安全联锁装置。8.20压力管道：是指利用一定的压力，用于输送气体或者液体的管状设备，其范围规定为最高工作压力大于或者等于0.1mpaHGJ222-92technicalspecificationforweldingofaluminiumanditsalloys5lowtemperaturesteelweldingprocedure6SH3525-2004petrochemicalJB/T4708-2000ofweldingprocedurequalificationforsteelpressurevessels7JB/4709-20008JB4730-2005pressurevesselweldingproceduresofsteelpressurevesselNDT9JB/T4744-2000steelpressurevesselproductsmechanicalpropertiestestofweldedplateII,mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineering1GB150-982GB50128-2005verticalcylindricalsteelpressurevesselsteelweldedtankcodeforconstructionandacceptanceof3JB/T4735-1997steelweldedatmosphericpressurevessel4GB50231-2009mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationfor5GB50275-98compressor,fanandpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred, 的气体、液化气体、蒸汽介质或者有毒、可燃、易爆、有腐蚀性，最高工作温度高于或者等于标准沸点的液体介质，且公称直径大于25mm的管道。8.21事故的“四不放过”是？1.事故原因分析不清不放过；2.事故责任者不受处理不放过；3.群众未受到教育不放过；4.没有防范措施不放过。9.案例分析：HGJ222-92technicalspecificationforweldingofaluminiumanditsalloys5lowtemperaturesteelweldingprocedure6SH3525-2004petrochemicalJB/T4708-2000ofweldingprocedurequalificationforsteelpressurevessels7JB/4709-20008JB4730-2005pressurevesselweldingproceduresofsteelpressurevesselNDT9JB/T4744-2000steelpressurevesselproductsmechanicalpropertiestestofweldedplateII,mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineering1GB150-982GB50128-2005verticalcylindricalsteelpressurevesselsteelweldedtankcodeforconstructionandacceptanceof3JB/T4735-1997steelweldedatmosphericpressurevessel4GB50231-2009mechanicalequipmentinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationfor5GB50275-98compressor,fanandpumpinstallationengineeringconstructionandacceptancespecificationforlifting6HG20201-2000constructioninstallationengineeringconstructionstandard7,HG...Pressuregauges,usinganinstalledsparkarrestorforacetylenecylinders,illegalcarrying,usinggascylinders,eachoperatorfined20Yuan.Gasbottlewithoutthehotsunexposuremeasures,responsibilitiesofteamafineof50Yuan.(7)atheightandtheopeningandprovisionalprotectivemeasureshavebeentaken,theresponsibleunitfined200Yuan,constructionpersoninchargeafineof50Yuan.(8)nopermittoworkandthejobinaccordancewiththeprovisions,onthejobunitfined300yuan,theunitwillchargeafineof100Yuan.7.5.3accidentpenalties(1)injuriesfatalitiesdirectlypunished1~2million.Directresponsibilityfortheaccidentandhavethecorrespondingresponsibilityofleadership,suchasconcerningadministrativesanctions,shouldbebroughttothecompanyortherelevantDepartment.(2)personalinjuryaccidentoccurred,